Report for http://magazine.jhsph.edu/2008/Spring/risk/depression_hivs

Subject	http://magazine.jhsph.edu/2008/Spring/risk/depression_hivs_ally/default.cfm?
Date	Tue Feb 9 15:22:28 2010
Guidelines tested	SECTION508
Result	Fail

html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" >

<head>

<title> Johns Hopkins Public Health Magazine | Risk </title>

<meta name="keywords" content="Africa, Public Health Magazine, global health, infectious disease, health, Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, \ J. Klag, education, magazine, news, spring, 2008, public health" >

<meta name="description" content="Johns Hopkins Public Health Magazine, Spring 2008 Online Edition" >

<meta name="date" content="Tue, 09 Feb 2010 15:22:28 GMT" >

<meta name="generator" content="Office of Communications" >

<link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://www.jhsph.edu/bin/v/z/jhsph.ico" >

<link rel="alternate"

type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://commprojects.jhsph.edu/pr/newsRSS.xml" >

<link href="/2008/Spring/_includes/features.css" type="text/css" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" >

<link href="/2008/Spring/_includes/print.css" type="text/css" media="print" rel="stylesheet" >

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://commprojects.jhsph.edu/_includes/js/external.js" > </script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://commprojects.jhsph.edu/_includes/js/flashobject.js" > </script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://commprojects.jhsph.edu/_includes/js/common_functions.js" > </script>

<script src="http://www.google.com/jsapi?key=ABQIAAAA9pRfVUV3SECiK5IIiqjN8RTbehYWbOWmYUyFvXErUnaX_g3iuRSOYnv7GNM_1rBcCfUqHm1EQHpTMA" type="text/javascript" > </script>

<script type="text/javascript" >

		google.load("prototype", "1.6.0.3");
		google.load("scriptaculous", "1.8.2");

</script>

<script src="http://commprojects.jhsph.edu/_includes/js/overlay.js" type="text/javascript" > </script>

<script type="text/javascript" >

//		function unsetOverlay() {
//			if(overlay) {
//				overlay.hide();
//			}
//		}

		function checkRadio(inp) {
			if(inp == 'yes') {
				document.getElementById("cse-search-box").as_q.value='inurl:http://magazine.jhsph.edu/ OR inurl:http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/magazine/';
			} else {
				document.getElementById("cse-search-box").as_q.value='';
			}
		}

</script>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://commprojects.jhsph.edu/_includes/css/overlay.css" type="text/css" >

style type="text/css" >

		input.textFieldInput {
			width:60%;
			float:left;
		}
		div.hiddenDiv {
			display:none;
		}

</style>

<script type="text/javascript" >

		function OnLoad(f_q,f_cx,f_ie,f_epq) {
	// Create a search control
			var searchControl = new google.search.SearchControl();
			searchControl.setResultSetSize(google.search.Search.LARGE_RESULTSET);
	
	//Type of search format
			options = new google.search.SearcherOptions();
			options.setExpandMode(google.search.SearchControl.EXPAND_MODE_OPEN);
			
	
	// create websearch
			var wse = new google.search.WebSearch();
			wse.setSiteRestriction(f_cx);
	
			//var ise = new google.search.ImageSearch();
			//ise.setSiteRestriction(f_cx);
			
			//var drawOptions = new google.search.DrawOptions();
			//drawOptions.setDrawMode(google.search.SearchControl.DRAW_MODE_TABBED);

	// if there's a subsection to add to the search
			if(f_epq != '') {
				wse.setQueryAddition(f_epq);
			}
		// create searchers
			searchControl.addSearcher(wse,options);
			//searchControl.addSearcher(ise);
		//	searchControl.addSearcher(new google.search.VideoSearch());
		//	searchControl.addSearcher(new google.search.

BlogSearch());
		//	searchControl.addSearcher(new google.search.NewsSearch());
		//	searchControl.addSearcher(new google.search.ImageSearch());
		//	searchControl.addSearcher(new google.search.BookSearch());
		//	searchControl.addSearcher(new google.search.PatentSearch());
		
		// create our searchers' target.
			var dlgBx = document.getElementById('cse-search-results');
			dlgBx.innerHTML = '';
			Element.insert(dlgBx,new Element("div", {id:'cdDiv',className:"closeDialog"}));
			Element.insert(document.getElementById('cdDiv'),new Element("span", {id:"cDia",className:"closeDialog"}));
			document.getElementById('cDia').innerHTML="close";
			Element.insert(dlgBx,new Element("div", {id:"srCnt",className:"srContainer"}));
			searchControl.draw(document.getElementById('srCnt'));
			searchControl.setLinkTarget(google.search.Search.LINK_TARGET_SELF);
			searchControl.execute(f_q);
			var ovrly = new DialogOverlay(dlgBx);
			ovrly.show();
		// Search!
		}
		function loadSearch(f_q,f_cx,f_ie,f

_epq) {
			google.load("search", "1", {
				"callback" : function() {
					OnLoad(f_q,f_cx,f_ie,f_epq);
				}
			});
		}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="aligner" >

table id="mainContainer" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" >

<tr>

img src="/2008/Spring/_images/header_small.gif" width="700" height="104" alt="Public Health Magazine" >

</td>

img src="/2008/Spring/_images/issue.gif" width="150" height="128" alt="Issue" >

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<!--
 this page = risk/depression_hivs_ally/ 
-->

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/" title="Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health" > www.jhsph.edu </a>

</li>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/contents/" title="Contents" > Contents </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/departments/letters/" title="Introduction" > Introduction </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/biology/conceptual_problems/" title="Sections" > Sections </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/online_extras/" title="Online Extras" > Online Extras </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/departments/open_mike/" title="Departments" > Departments </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/archive.cfm" title="Archives" > Archives </a>

</li>

</li>

</ul>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<div id="topSubnav" >

<a href="/2008/Spring/biology/conceptual_problems/" title="Biology" > Biology </a>

</li>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/culture/living/" title="Culture" > Culture </a>

</li>

</li>

</ul>

</div>

</td>

<a href="/2008/Spring/web_forms/subscribe.cfm" title="Subscribe" class="issueLink" > Subscribe </a>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

table id="mainContent" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" >

<tr>

<!--
 request subsection id = 130
-->

<div id="leftTitleBorder" > </div>

<div id="leftItems" >

<ul>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/healthy_sexual_beings/?subsection_id=130" title="Healthy, Sexual Beings (essay)" > Healthy, Sexual Beings (essay) </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/sexual/?subsection_id=130" title="Sexual Healing" > Sexual Healing </a>

</li>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/world_of_risk/?subsection_id=130" title="A World of Risk" > A World of Risk </a>

</li>

<li class="selected" > Depression: HIV's Ally </li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/gauging_sexual_risk/?subsection_id=130" title="Gauging Sexual Risk" > Gauging Sexual Risk </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/sexual_abuse_hiv/?subsection_id=130" title="Sexual Abuse's Link to HIV" > Sexual Abuse's Link to HIV </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/family_planning/?subsection_id=130" title="Why Has Family Planning Become Almost Invisible as a Public Health Issue?" > Why Has Family Planning Become Almost Invisible as a Public Health Issue? </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/sex_workers/?subsection_id=130" title="Sex Workers" > Sex Workers </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/two_perspectives_hiv/?subsection_id=130" title="2 Perspectives on HIV Testing" > 2 Perspectives on HIV Testing </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/abortion_first_understand/?subsection_id=130" title="Abortion: First, Understand" > Abortion: First, Understand </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/abortions_stigma/?subsection_id=130" title="Abortion's Stigma" > Abortion's Stigma </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/abortion_debate/?subsection_id=130" title="What's Been Overlooked in America's Decades-Long Abortion Debate?" > What's Been Overlooked in America's Decades-Long Abortion Debate? </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/surprise_pakistan/?subsection_id=130" title="A Surprise in Pakistan" > A Surprise in Pakistan </a>

</li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/risk/nafis_sadik/?subsection_id=130" title="8 Questions for Nafis Sadik" > 8 Questions for Nafis Sadik </a>

</li>

</ul>

<li>

<a href="mailto:editor@jhsph.edu" title="Email the Editor" > Email the Editor </a>

</li>

</div>

</td>

table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="storyTitle" >

<tr>

<td>

img src="/2008/Spring/risk/_images/depression_hivs_ally.jpg" alt="Risk" >

</td>

<h1> Depression: HIV's Ally </h1>

<p class="byLine" > By Jackie Powder </p>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

<div id="storyImageCaption" >

<ul>

<a href="#" onclick="window.print()" title="Print" > Print </a>

<a href="/2008/Spring/web_forms/SendPageLink.cfm?pageTitle=Depression: HIV's Ally" title="Email" > Email </a>

</li>

</ul>

</div>

<div id="storyText" >

<p> Just surviving is often a daily struggle for people living deep in America's inner cities. The pervasive poverty, violence and drug use add up to alarmingly high rates of depression and psychological distress among inner-city African Americans. </p>

<p> Recent research by

<a href="http://faculty.jhsph.edu/default.cfm?faculty_id=402" title="Carl Latkin" > Carl Latkin </a>

, PhD, professor of

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/dept/hbs" title="Health, Behavior and Society (HBS)" > Health, Behavior and Society (HBS) </a>

, also finds that depression can foster HIV sexual risk behaviors in impoverished urban populations, including having multiple sex partners or unprotected sex, and the exchange of sex for drugs. The studies by Latkin and others show that over half of the sample populations screened for depression scored high on the survey. </p>

<p> The findings suggest that treating depression could help reduce the high rates of new HIV infections in distressed neighborhoods. </p>

<p> To that end, Latkin is overseeing the development of a pilot program in Baltimore to treat depression among drug users through cognitive behavioral group therapy. The goal of the intervention is twofold: to reduce the depressive symptoms, as well as the likelihood that the participants will engage in high-risk sexual behaviors and drug use. </p>

<p> "Some people may engage in the behaviors as a way of self-medicating, a way of getting pleasure when they're distressed," says Latkin. "Or they may engage in risk behaviors out of a sense of hopelessness and not really seeing that they have a future." </p>

<p> He says that group therapy sessions might teach clients to be aware of common negative ruminations—"Nothing is going well in my life so why use a condom?"—and replace them with healthier thoughts—"I'm really proud that I haven't used drugs in X number of days." The sessions will also focus on healthy means of coping such as exercise and socializing with supportive friends. </p>

<p> The program will be based at The Lighthouse, an East Baltimore community-centered HBS research facility that works to improve the health of disadvantaged urban populations. </p>

<p> To tailor the therapy sessions to the clients' lives and their neighborhood experiences, Latkin and his colleagues are interviewing community residents to identify factors that contribute to the onset of depression. </p>

<p> "We're trying to adapt models to the community and their unique issues and concerns," Latkin says. "Ideally, we'd like to strengthen the community." </p>

<div id="end" > </div>

</div>

<div id="activeLinks" >

<div id="bookMarks" >

<script type="text/javascript" >

										buildBookmarks();

</script>

</div>

<ul>

<li>

<a href="/2008/Spring/web_forms/priority_forum.cfm" title="Online Forum: Sex, Health & the President" > Online Forum: Sex, Health the President </a>

</li>

</ul>

</div>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</td>

<div id="Giving" >

<h2> Support JHSPH </h2>

<p> The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health strives every day to keep millions of people around the world safe from injury or illness.

<br>

img src="http://www.jhsph.edu/bin/a/p/make_a_gift.gif" alt="Make a Gift" >

</a>

</p>

</div>

<div id="news" >

<h2> Public Health News </h2>

<p>

<a href="" title="Rotavirus VaccineâA Powerful Tool to Combat Deaths from Diarrhea" > Rotavirus VaccineâA Powerful Tool to Combat Deaths from Diarrhea </a>

</p>

<p>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2010/baker_china_disparity.html" title="Significant Urban-Rural Disparities in Injury Mortality Seen in China" > Significant Urban-Rural Disparities in Injury Mortality Seen in China </a>

</p>

<p>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2010/nachega_health_costs.html" title="High Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Associated with Lower Health Care Costs" > High Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Associated with Lower Health Care Costs </a>

</p>

<p>

<a href="" title="Transmission Dynamics of H1N1 Similar to Previous Influenza Strains" > Transmission Dynamics of H1N1 Similar to Previous Influenza Strains </a>

</p>

<p>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2009/zhang_antibiotic_tb.html" title="Researchers Identify Tuberculosis Strain That Thrives on Antibiotic" > Researchers Identify Tuberculosis Strain That Thrives on Antibiotic </a>

</p>

<p>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2009/carlson_brain_scan.html" title="For Older Adults, Participating in Social Service Activities Can Improve Brain Functions" > For Older Adults, Participating in Social Service Activities Can Improve Brain Functions </a>

</p>

<p>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/press_releases/2009/who_tobacco.html" title="WHO Report Shows 95 Percent of Worldâs Population Not Protected from Secondhand Tobacco Smoke" > WHO Report Shows 95 Percent of Worldâs Population Not Protected from Secondhand Tobacco Smoke </a>

</p>

</div>

<div id="searchTitle" >

<h2> Search </h2>

</div>

<div id="Search" >

<div id="searchWindow" title="Search Window" >

<div class="searchformDiv" >

<form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box" method="get" onsubmit="loadSearch(this.q.value,this.cx.value,this.ie.value,this.as_q.value); return false;" >

<div class="searchformContent" >

<div class="hiddenItems" >

input type="hidden" name="cx" value="017423984450203939999:ifdaoajlq-m" >

input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8" >

input type="hidden" name="as_q" value="inurl:http://magazine.jhsph.edu/ OR inurl:http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews/magazine/" >

</div>

<input type="text" id="q" name="q" class="textFieldInput" value="Search"

onfocus="this.value='';" >

<span class="buttonInput" >

input

style="float:left;margin-left:4px;" type="submit" name="sa" value="go" >

</span>

</div>

<div class="searchOptions" >

<div class="searchOption" >

input type="radio" name="sOptions" value="yes" onclick="checkRadio(this.value);" checked="checked" >

<span class="Search_Text" > This section only </span>

<br>

input type="radio" name="sOptions" value="no" onclick="checkRadio(this.value);" >

<span class="Search_Text" > Entire site </span>

</div>

</form>

</div>

<div class="hiddenDiv" >

<div id="cse-search-results" > </div>

</div>

<div id="university" title="Johns Hopkins University" > </div>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<div id="schoolLinks" >

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/publichealthnews" title="Public Health News Center" > Public Health News Center </a>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/" title="Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health" > Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health </a>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/giving/" rel="external" title="Support JHSPH" > Support JHSPH </a>

<a href="http://ocw.jhsph.edu/" title="JHSPH OpenCourseWare" rel="external" > JHSPH OpenCourseWare </a>

</div>

<div id="compliantLinks" >

<a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=http://magazine.jhsph.edu/2008/Spring/risk/depression_hivs_ally/default.cfm?" title="XHTML" rel="external" > XHTML </a>

</div>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<br>

<a href="http://www.jhsph.edu/resources/web_policies" title="Web policies" > Web policies </a>

, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, 410-955-6878 </div>

<div id="footerLogo" >

img src="/2008/Spring/_images/logo.gif" width="208" height="64" alt="Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health" >

</a>

</div>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

<script type="text/javascript" >

//<![CDATA[ 
var gConvert=true;

var gFpc="WT_FPC";

var gDomain="esgwtdc.nts.jhu.edu";

var gDoms = "jhsphmag.nts.jhu.edu";

var gDcsId="dcsg0oz2v10000w4tmzc10kjv_9m8x";

if ((typeof(gConvert)!="undefined")&&gConvert&&(document.cookie.indexOf(gFpc+"=")==-1)&&(document.cookie.indexOf("WTLOPTOUT=")==-1)){

	document.write("<SCR"+"IPT TYPE='text/javascript' SRC='"+"http"+(window.location.protocol.indexOf('https:')==0?'s':'')+"://"+gDomain+"/"+gDcsId+"/wtid.js"+"'><\/SCR"+"IPT>");

}
//]]>

</script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://commprojects.jhsph.edu/_includes/js/dcs_tag2.js" > </script>

<script type="text/javascript" >

		var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www.");
		document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));

</script>

<script type="text/javascript" >

		var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-2576482-2");
		pageTracker._trackPageview();
		pageTracker._setDomainName(".jhsph.edu");

</script>

</body>

</html>

Accessibility Valet Report

Normalised Markup